The Challenge: Poor Microbial Control
Poor microbial control in cooling water systems not only raises Health & Safety concerns but also significantly impacts on the rate of corrosion, fouling and energy consumption.
Microbial Colonisation & Biofilm
Unchecked microbes colonise water systems, creating biofilm - a gel-like protective medium that shields bacteria from biocides.
Pitting Corrosion Under Biofilm
Under biofilms, low oxygen conditions allow certain bacteria to metabolise metals, causing highly damaging pitting corrosion to system components.
Heat Transfer Impairment
Biofilm is more insulating than mineral scale, significantly impacting heat transfer and resulting in high energy usage and operating costs.
Legionella Health Risk
Pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella can multiply in cooling water circuits under the right conditions, posing serious health and safety concerns.
The Solution: ChloroKlean Plus Technology
This case concerns ChloroKlean Plus treatment in a particular cooling-tower installation. Its biofilm observations and Legionella sampling must not be extrapolated to other cooling circuits, corrosion compatibility or routine treatment recommendations.
Mixed Oxidising Biocide Technology
The installation used ChloroKlean Plus. Biofilm observations and Legionella sampling concern this installation; they do not establish performance for every organism or cooling system.
Product-Specific Instructions
For a new installation, assess ChloroKlean Plus L20 against its current label, Safety Data Sheet and technical documents; this case study is not a dosing instruction.
System-Specific Verification
Verify residual and microbiological performance at representative sample points within the written control scheme. Results cannot be inferred from the product format alone.
Assessment & Evidence Limits
Residual Monitoring
Residual persistence depends on demand, aeration, dosing and circulation. This installation does not establish longer persistence in other systems or versus generator-based treatment.
Installation-Specific Outcomes
Biofilm observations and Legionella sampling from this installation do not establish lower chemical use, cost savings or energy benefits elsewhere.
Compatibility Assessment
Review design, existing corrosion inhibitors, glycol, materials, operating conditions, dosing and monitoring before specifying any new cooling-water treatment.
Other Cooling Applications Require Assessment
Open Recirculating Cooling Towers
Once-Through Systems
External Evaporative Spray Water
Air Washers
Spray Cooling Systems
These are assessment examples, not applications established by this case study. ChloroKlean Plus L20 may be assessed for PT11 cooling-water use where current label and technical documents support it. PT11 legally includes open and closed systems, but no routine recommendation is made for inhibited closed heating or chilled-water loops without expressly supported current instructions and written compatibility evidence. Assess the external spray-water circuit of closed-circuit evaporative equipment separately from its enclosed process loop.
Before Specifying Treatment
Obtain current Plus L20 label and technical documents and confirm the intended PT11 use under applicable GB BPR transitional arrangements. Review system design, corrosion inhibitors, glycol, materials, operating conditions, dosing and monitoring. A case-study outcome is not a substitute for compatibility evidence or the full HSG274 Part 1 written control scheme.